Arthrospira maxima is reported to have the highest protein content among different species of cyanobacteria. The residual biomass after cpc extraction was converted into biocrude oil via hydrothermal liquefaction htl. C phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet. Oct 25, 2018 foodgrade phycocyanin needs to have a certain amount of purity and e1%. Quantitative analysis of cphycocyanin from spirulina pacifica low temperature method background. A method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined with high pressure. Jp2006230272a method for extracting phycocyanin from. A largescale preparation method of high purity cphycocyanin.
Consecutive steps were developed in order to ehance the phycocyanin purity, including electrocoagulation, dialysis and protein saltingout. This study presents a simple protocol for the extraction and purification of food. Review article medical application of spirulina platensis. Herein we report an optimization study of various phycocyanin extraction methods from spirulina platensis cyanobacterium biomass dry, frozen and wet. C phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet biomass 47 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. The yield of phycocyanin in crude extract was depended on ultrasonic frequency vilkhu et al. Pdf phycocyanin extraction in spirulina produced using. Research article phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis and extract stability under various ph and temperature. Recent research suggests that phycocyanin is light sensitive, so phycocyanin must be preserved in the dark 43. Several methods were employed to extract the pigments phycocyanin from microalgae but some are multiple steps, long time process and most cost effective. In order to extract phycocyanin there was an appropriate range of ultrasonic frequency, f u. To effectively extract valueadded phycocyanin from spirulina platensis, the effects of processing parameters ph and temperature on extraction performance and global kinetics were systematically studied. In the last decade, the cyanobacterium spirulina has gained a high commercial interest as a food supplement, mainly due to its high protein content as well as high amounts of pigments, such as carotenoids, chlorophylls and phycocyanins.
Comparison was done among different procedures for c phycocyanin extraction with freshly harvested biomass and the data are presented in terms of mg phycocyanin per g dry weight of spirulina platensis. In order to extract phycocyanin from spirulina platensis cells, selection of ultrasonic frequency was important. The process for extracting functional proteins in conjunction with phycocyanin and phycoerythrin extraction from a. In particular, phycocyanin has been widely considered as. Phycocyanin is an important commercially available blue food colorant. Pdf phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis and. However, phycocyanin may also be found in cryptophyta, glaucophyta, rhodophyta, and dinophyta. Cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet. Carotenoids, chlorophylls and phycocyanin from spirulina.
Several methods have been reported for successful separation of phycocyanin 17 but these methods comprised multiple steps and are time consuming. Production, extr action and analysis current biotechnology, 201 5, volume 4, no. The phycocyanin can be extracted to the greatest extent by the method disclosed by the invention. Process design for obtaining the pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin and proteins from arthrospira platensis and porphyridium cruentum.
In this study, comparison effect of mechanical freezing and thawing, sonication and bead milling along with chemical inorganic acid, buffers and sea salt extraction methods were carried out on c phycocyanin concentrations to achieve the optimum conditions of phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis. First, we established the optimal ionic strength and ph for the extraction buffer. Pdf methods for extraction, isolation and purification. Isolation and characterization of phycocyanins from the blue. Extraction of cphycocyanin from arthrospira spirulina and its. The purity of phycocyanin obtained from ilatps was confirmed using sdspage as shown in figure 6. To obtain highpurity phycocyanin, the solution of phycocyanin extract. The effects of temperature and biomasssolvent ratio on phycocyanin concentration and extract purity were evaluated to determine the optimum conditions for phycocyanin extraction. Although a number of reports are available for the extraction and puri. Optimization of phycocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis by. Phycocyanin, a natural blue colorant, is typically extracted from liquid biomass of arthrospira platensis, a bluegreen algae called spirulina.
The use of this low cost substrate increases the cell concentration by 60 % during 8 days cultivation to reach 0. The product of claim 10, product packaged as a single or multiple dose. Jan 16, 20 a method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined with high pressure. To increase the extraction yield, intensification techniques may be used as pretreatment or simultaneously with the extraction. However, the cost and application of cpc is highly dependent on its purity ratio a620nma280nm. Extraction and separation of phycocyanin from spirulina. From the sdspage, an increase in the purity of phycocyanin is observed after the ilatps extraction. Pdf cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis. Two main biliproteins c phycocyanin and allophycocyanin were identified and characterized in the bluegreen alga spirulina platensis. The phycocyanin extraction was performed using water at the different biomasstosolvent ratio and shaking rates. Phycocyanin is a very important molecule, especially because of its advantageous properties for human and animal health. After ammonium sulphate precipitation the purity of phycocyanin was 1. The crude extract was precipitated by 50% saturation ammonium sulfate, and purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography using phenyl sepharose 6 ff. The specific absorbance, fluorescence maxima, subunit makeup and amino acid composition of the biliproteins in spirulina platensis resemble those reported for other bluegreen algae.
Lane 1 indicated the molecular marker, while lane 2 was the crude extract of phycocyanin and lane 3 was the phycocyanin after ilatps extraction. The extraction, isolation and purification of c phycocyanin have been studied for many years, resulting in diverse methodologies with a range of yields and grades of. Quantitative analysis of cphycocyanin from spirulina. Because of these benefits, numerous researchers have focused on developing efficient processes for mass production of phycocyanin producing strains 10, 11 and extraction of phycocyanin from microalgae 5, 12. Said method is characterised in that same includes a step of macerating the material or materials in glycerol or a waterglycerol mixture.
Phycocyanin market is expected to grow in the period 20192028 as a phycocyanin blue pigment got approval from fda in 20 which has opened a lot of opportunities for this market and it is anticipated to reach a 1 billion usd during forecast period 20192028. Various methods of cell disruption, such as highpressure homogenization, ultrasound treatment, ultraturrax homogenization, and cell lysis have been applied. Phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis. Extraction and characterization of phycocyanin from spirulina. Cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet biomass. The present disclosure relates to a process for the conversion of biomass to crude biooil. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Us10195585b2 phycocyanin extraction and production of. A product comprising the extract containing phycocyanin and one or more nutrients present in the raw material used for the extraction in a glycerol or water glycerol solution. Spirulina is used as a high quality protein mainly for phycocyanin eriksen 2008, which is a important cyanobacterial accessory pigment having a number of industrial applications.
The extraction of phycocyanin highly depended on biomass form and solvent type. Shinde2 1center for biotechnology, pravara institute of medical sciences du, loni4736, maharashtra, india. In this study, comparison effect of mechanical freezing and thawing, sonication and bead milling along with chemical inorganic acid, buffers and sea salt extraction methods were carried out on c phycocyanin concentrations to achieve the optimum conditions of phycocyanin extraction. A simple method for efficient extraction and purification.
Phycocyanin extraction from cyanobacteria spirulina platensis was optimized using factorial design and response surface techniques. Phycocyanin extraction is carried out from wet or dry biomass. Method for efficient extraction of phycocyanin from spirulina. This research was aimed to extract phycocyanin by using an extraction assisted. Quantitative analysis of c phycocyanin from spirulina. Extraction and purification of cphycocyanin from spirulina. The invention relates to an extraction method of spirulina phycocyanin. First, we established the optimal ionic strength and ph for the extraction. This research was aimed to extract phycocyanin from microalgae spirulina platensis using an extraction assisted by ultrasound irradiation. Table 1 below lists the purity information for the various samples.
Oct 27, 2018 c phycocyanin cpc is a blue pigment that has great commercial value as a fluorophore in biomedical research, diagnostics therapeutics as well as sensitive fluorescent applications. Jp2006230272a method for extracting phycocyanin from blue. International journal of biological macromolecules. In this study, freezethaw and precipitation are presented as relatively simple, efficient, lowcost cpc. Pc, a natural blue dye, has been used in food, immunodiagnostics and analytical reagents. Extraction of phycocyanina natural blue colorant from dried. Extraction and purification of c phycocyanin from spirulina platensis ccc540, indian journal of plant physiology, 2014, pp. In this study, we developed a scalable process to extract phycocyanin from dried spirulina biomass. The extractions were carried out using six different. Phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis and extract stability under various ph and temperature. Evaluation of different extraction methods for phycocyanin.
For example, phycocyanin was extracted with higher purity at f u 28 khz than at f u 20 khz. To provide a method for extracting phycocyanin contained in bluegreen algae, capable of obtaining the phycocyanin with high purity. In this study, the extraction of phycocyanin from wet biomass figure 1. Hixson from the department of biological chemistry, ucla school of medicine, and the molecular biology.
Phycocyanin extraction and production of crude biooil from biomass download pdf info publication number us20160504a1. Solidliquid extraction of phycocyanin from spirulina. Click split pdf, wait for the process to finish and download. Quantitative analysis of c phycocyanin from spirulina pacifica low temperature method background. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a simple and efficient method for the extraction employing liquid nitrogen for cell disruption followed by enzymatic extraction of the phycocyanin. The phycocyanin concentration and purity a 615 a 280 obtained were 1. Characterization of r phycocyanin chromophore content of r phycocyanin and cphycoerythrin received for publication, january 17, 1975 alexander n. There are some difficulties in phycocyanin extraction because of multilayered cell walls and large amounts of contaminants. Optimization of cost effective method for extraction and fractionation. The purification steps include 1 extraction of phycocyanin from biomass, 2 ammonium sulfate precipitation of phycocyanin and dialysis, and 3 purification of phycocyanin by gel filtration and ionexchange chromatography. This was necessary because this dye is known to be very unstable during normal extraction processes.
In general the extraction method is the key for maximum recovery of phycobilliproteins in allo phycocyanin, and phycoerythrin, are made up of dissimilar. Comparison of different extraction methods for phycocyanin extraction and yield from spirulina platensis s. Extraction and purification of cphycocyanin from dry. Phycocyanin is consumed in particular for its antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to promote stem cell production. Cn102993297a spirulina phycocyanin and extraction method. Phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensisassisted. Stable isolation of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis. Extraction and characterisation of analytical grade c. C phycocyanin cpc could be extracted from cyanobacteria such as spirulina. However, phycocyanin is an expensive molecule that is difficult to extract. The htl biocrude oil obtained from the original spirulina feedstock and the residual after the cpc extraction were compared. Pdf the effects of temperature and frequencies in ultrasound. Rapid and selective extraction of phycocyanin from.
Phycocyanin extraction and production of crude biooil from biomass download pdf info publication number us10195585b2. Review article medical application of spirulina platensis derived c phycocyanin qianliu, 1 yinghonghuang, 1 ronghuazhang, 1 tiangecai, 2 andyucai 1,3 college of pharmacy, jinan university, guangzhou, china. Phycocyanin pc is a major light harvesting pigment of cyanobacteria. The biomasssolvent ratio, buffer concentration, temperature, and time regarding cphycocyanin concentration, extract purity, and yield of c. Wo2014045177a1 method for extracting and stabilising. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. C phycocyanin cpc is a blue pigment that has great commercial value as a fluorophore in biomedical research, diagnostics therapeutics as well as sensitive fluorescent applications. Jp2016500052a extraction and stabilization of phycocyanin.
Pdf cphycocyanin is a natural blue dye used in food and pharmaceutical industry. For the latter, select the pages you wish to extract. The biomass residue, exhausted in terms of carotenoids and chlorophylls, was then extracted in water to yield phycocyanin. Phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis assisted by ultrasound irradiation. Ce was a better way to extract phycocyanin to obtain natural colorant comparing ue and me. Comparative studies of the absorption spectra of r phycocyanin and of cphycoerythrin, following denaturation in acid urea, have permitted quantita tion of the number phycoerythrobilin chromophores in latter protein. Phycocyanin extraction and determination handbook of. Although a number of reports are available for the extraction and purification of phycocyanin from cyanobacterial strains schoenleber et al. Of several different methods tried for the extraction of phycocyanin pc from the cyanobacterium spirulina, treatment with 1800 units ml lysozyme and 100 ppm linear alkyl benzene sulfonate afforded good pc yield with high specific content, resulting in. The extraction, isolation and purification of cphycocyanin have been studied for many years, resulting in diverse methodologies with a range of yields and grades of purity. Spirulina and other bluegreen algae contain cphycocyanin, which acts as an accessory pigment when light energy is captured and transferred to chlorophyll a. In addition the most important finding is that the purity of phycocyanin in its crude extract depended on f u.
The effects of different biomass forms and extraction solvents on the phycocyanin content ww during the extraction of phycocyanin from s. A study was conducted on the efficiency of phycocyanin extraction. Sivasankari, naganandhini and david ravindran department of biology, gandhigram rural institutedeemed university, dindigul, tamilnadu, india corresponding author abstract introduction spirulina is a bluegreen algae owing to the. Pdf c phycocyanin is a natural blue dye used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The extraction kinetics was investigated by varying ph levels 58 and temperatures 3060 c.
Choose to extract every page into a pdf or select pages to extract. Phycocyanin extraction in spirulina produced using. This chapter describes a protocol for extraction and analytical grade purification of phycocyanin from cyanobacteria. Methods for extraction, isolation and purification of c. Extraction and estimation of pigment c phycocyanin the marine microalgae spirulina platensis was isolated from vellar estuary, parangipettai, tamil nadu, india and identified through morphological key characters by microscopic observation and the s. Us20160504a1 phycocyanin extraction and production of. The process diagram for extraction of proteins and phycocyanin from a. Jul 16, 2014 extraction and purification of phycocyanin, was completed in four major steps. By selecting the most accurate set of equations available in spectrophotometry and by using a simple but efficient saline buffer extraction, the method proposed in this sop allows an easy, fast, and low. Extraction and purification of c phycocyanin from dry spirulina powder and evaluating its antioxidant, anticoagulation and prevention of dna damage activity suresh p. First, the biomass underwent different treatments for cell disruption, including drying, freezing and milling at. This method for extracting the phycocyanin from the bluegreen algae includes a first process for obtaining an extract solution which is given by making the phycocyanin in the bluegreen algae extracted into an aqueous suspension, a second process for obtaining calcium phosphate, by reacting a calcium salt with a phosphate salt in the. Stepwise extraction of highvalue chemicals from arthrospira. The phycocyanin, lipid and polysaccharides were extracted from the dried arthrospira following different extraction sequences fig.
In the present work, extraction of c phycocyanin cpc and allophycocyanin apc from dry biomass of a. Pdf cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet biomass. Spirulina and other bluegreen algae contain c phycocyanin, which acts as an accessory pigment when light energy is captured and transferred to chlorophyll a. This method for extracting the phycocyanin from the bluegreen algae includes a first process for obtaining an extract solution which is given by making the phycocyanin in the bluegreen algae extracted into an aqueous suspension. Several of the above phycocyanin extraction and purification methods were compared for the final e1%. Pdf cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet. Comparison of different extraction methods for phycocyanin. The invention relates to a method for extracting and stabilising phycocyanin from at least one material containing same.
Phycocyanin is extracted from the biomass to form phycocyanin extracted biomass peb and subjecting the peb to htl conversion to obtain crude biooil. The highest total phycocyanin was extracted from frozen biomass. The different methods used to extract c phycocyanin from wet biomass showed the presence of this molecule in the supernatant. Extraction of phycocyanina natural blue colorant from. Optimization of phycocyanin extraction from spirulina. Extraction and characterization of phycocyanin from.